The High Seas Alliance (HSA) is a coalition of over 50 non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) that is at the forefront of efforts to implement the Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ) Treaty, commonly known as the "High Seas Treaty." This treaty is a landmark initiative aimed at establishing a comprehensive legal framework for the conservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity in international waters—areas that lie beyond any single nation's jurisdiction. Approximately 64% of the ocean falls under this category, highlighting the treaty's significance to global goals, particularly in environmental protection, climate action, and the pursuit of sustainable development.
To enter into force, the treaty requires ratification from at least 60 countries. Currently, 89 nations have signed it, and the HSA is working diligently to gather the necessary ratifications before the next UN Ocean Conference, set to take place in June 2025 in Nice, France. The treaty aligns with the ambitious 30x30 initiative, which aims to protect 30% of the global oceans by 2030. Achieving this target is critical for safeguarding marine biodiversity, mitigating climate change impacts, and ensuring economic equality for communities that depend on healthy ocean ecosystems.
The coalition comprises a diverse array of organisations dedicated to ocean conservation. Among its members are well-known NGOs like Ocean Conservancy, Oceana, WWF, Greenpeace, and BirdLife International, each bringing unique expertise and resources to the initiative. For example, Oceana focuses on advocacy and scientific research to influence policy changes that protect marine life, while WWF works on global conservation projects that aim to reduce human impact on the ocean and promote sustainable fishing practices.
Other notable members include The Nature Conservancy, which employs science-based solutions to address pressing conservation challenges, and Marine Conservation Society, dedicated to protecting UK seas and advocating for sustainable use of marine resources.
The coalition also includes regional organisations, such as Eastern Pacific Oceanic Fisheries Management Organization (EPOFMO) and Southern African Development Community (SADC), which focus on specific marine ecosystems and their unique challenges.
By leveraging their collective knowledge and resources, these organisations engage in extensive lobbying efforts, awareness campaigns, and diplomatic engagement with governments to promote the treaty's ratification. They emphasise that establishing marine protected areas (MPAs) in the high seas is essential for preserving critical habitats for species threatened by overfishing, pollution, and the overarching effects of climate change. Currently, many of these ecosystems are among the most biologically important yet least protected regions in the world.
Since its inception in 2011, the High Seas Alliance has played a pivotal role in advocating for the protection of the high seas, which comprise 50% of the Earth's surface. The coalition's efforts culminated in the historic agreement on the High Seas Treaty on 4 March 2023. The current priority is to ensure that the treaty enters into force as soon as possible, presenting a unique opportunity to transform high seas governance and bolster protections for marine life. This transformation is crucial, particularly in the face of increasing threats from deep-seabed mining, shipping, and climate change.
Historically, there have been no legally binding mechanisms for establishing MPAs in the high seas or global coordination to assess the environmental impacts of activities in these oceanic regions. The formal adoption of the High Seas Treaty on 19 June marked a significant milestone, but the real challenge lies in the ratification process. Once the sixtieth country ratifies the treaty, a 120-day countdown will commence, leading to the treaty becoming international law.
The role of the Global Society in these efforts cannot be understated. Collaboration among nations, NGOs, and civil society is essential to achieving the global goals of sustainability, social justice, and peace and justice. The High Seas Alliance exemplifies how cooperative efforts can lead to meaningful change, highlighting the need for global collaboration in tackling environmental challenges. For instance, the coalition has actively engaged in partnerships with UN agencies and has contributed to dialogues at major international conferences, ensuring that ocean conservation remains a priority on the global agenda.
Moreover, the HSA's efforts extend to raising public awareness about the importance of the high seas. The coalition conducts educational campaigns that inform the public about the vital role these waters play in regulating the global climate, supporting biodiversity, and sustaining the livelihoods of millions. Statistics indicate that more than 3 billion people rely on marine and coastal biodiversity for their livelihoods, underscoring the urgent need for effective conservation strategies.
The work of the High Seas Alliance and the implementation of the High Seas Treaty are critical components of the global movement towards achieving sustainability goals. As nations come together to protect the vast and vulnerable areas of the ocean, there is hope that this will lead to a healthier planet for future generations. Continued efforts in marine conservation are vital for ensuring that the world’s oceans remain vibrant ecosystems, crucial for both biodiversity and the well-being of humanity.
For those interested in exploring more about global efforts towards ocean conservation and sustainable practices, further reading can be found through organisations such as Mongabay and Reef Check. Engaging with these resources not only enhances understanding but also encourages participation in the collective journey towards sustainability and global equality. By working together, we can foster a resilient global society committed to the principles of environmental protection, economic equality, and effective climate action for the benefit of all.
More information: https://highseasalliance.org/
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