Affordable and clean energy
Renewable energy solutions are becoming cheaper, more reliable, and more efficient every day. Our current reliance on fossil fuels is unsustainable and harmful to the planet, which is why we must change the way we produce and consume energy. Implementing these new energy solutions as quickly as possible is essential to counter climate change, one of the biggest threats to our survival.
Goal 7 is founded on the principle that access to reliable, affordable, and sustainable energy underpins economic development, social inclusion, and environmental protection. It recognises energy as a cross-cutting enabler affecting health, education, productivity, and climate outcomes, while also acknowledging the uneven distribution of both energy access and environmental costs.
The goal addresses energy poverty, dependence on fossil fuels, air pollution, infrastructure inequality, and weak regulatory frameworks. Key thematic areas include universal access to electricity and clean cooking, rapid expansion of renewable energy, energy efficiency in industry and buildings, and grid resilience.
Global monitoring and policy coordination are supported by the International Energy Agency and the International Renewable Energy Agency, while implementation is complemented by decentralised actors such as SolarAid and Practical Action, which focus on off-grid and community-based solutions.
Achievements include rapid cost reductions in solar and wind power, record renewable installations, and growing electrification rates. However, hundreds of millions still lack electricity, and clean cooking access remains critically low. Energy price volatility, geopolitical tensions, and grid constraints have dominated recent news cycles, particularly following supply disruptions and conflicts.
GSN analyses energy transitions through equity, investment, and geopolitical lenses rather than technology narratives alone.
TARGETS
Everyone can contribute to achieving the Global Goals. By focusing on these targets, meaningful action can be taken to create significant impacts across various areas. This approach encourages collaboration and collective efforts to address critical issues, ensuring that no one is left behind.
